The College of Science, University of Kirkuk discussed master dissertation the structural and color properties of indium tin oxide (ITO) thin films prepared using the sol-gel spin coating technique by the postgraduate student, Mr. Mohammed Hussein.

The dissertation reviewed preparing indium tin oxide (ITO) thin films using the sol-gel spin coating technique and studying their structural, color and optical properties at different mixing ratios, as well as improving their performance and use in optical and microelectronic applications.

The dissertation concluded that the films have a cubic structure that transforms into a tetrahedral structure with increasing tin concentration, and that the surface roughness decreases at a concentration of 40% and a temperature of 400°C, while it increases at 60%, optical transmittance exceeding 90% was recorded in the range (550-700 nm) and the energy gap decreased with increasing tin, while the highest color values were reached at a mixing ratio of 80:20 and a wavelength of 660 nm.